<p>In <a href="https://github.com/mlpack/mlpack/pull/708#discussion_r71806624">src/mlpack/core/tree/vantage_point_tree/vantage_point_split_impl.hpp</a>:</p>
<pre style='color:#555'>&gt; +
&gt; +template&lt;typename BoundType, typename MatType&gt;
&gt; +void VantagePointSplit&lt;BoundType, MatType&gt;::
&gt; +GetDistinctSamples(arma::uvec&amp; distinctSamples, const size_t numSamples,
&gt; +    const size_t begin, const size_t upperBound)
&gt; +{
&gt; +  if (upperBound &gt; numSamples)
&gt; +  {
&gt; +    arma::Col&lt;size_t&gt; samples;
&gt; +
&gt; +    samples.zeros(upperBound);
&gt; +
&gt; +    for (size_t i = 0; i &lt; numSamples; i++)
&gt; +      samples [ (size_t) math::RandInt(upperBound) ]++;
&gt; +
&gt; +    distinctSamples = arma::find(samples &gt; 0);
</pre>
<p>I think this does not guarantee that <code>distinctSamples.n_elem == numSamples</code>.  Correct me if I have misunderstood.</p>

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