[mlpack-git] [mlpack/mlpack] Descriptive Statistics command-line program (#742)

[Keon Kim]

I originally built a [class](https://github.com/keonkim/mlpack/commit/c2f5c5c2e6cbce084992629e192023519873e4cb) that calculates descriptive statistics. But after a few discussion, I ended up shrinking all of the functions down to minimum to provide maximum performance and maintainability.
I also merged all commits to one to discard unnecessary commits.

Sample output on "iris.csv" would be:
```
[INFO ] dim     var     mean    std     median  min     max     range   skew    kurt    SE      
[INFO ] 0       0.6857  5.8433  0.8281  5.8000  4.3000  7.9000  3.6000  0.3149  -0.5521 0.0676  
[INFO ] 1       0.1880  3.0540  0.4336  3.0000  2.0000  4.4000  2.4000  0.3341  0.2908  0.0354  
[INFO ] 2       3.1132  3.7587  1.7644  4.3500  1.0000  6.9000  5.9000  -0.2745 -1.4019 0.1441  
[INFO ] 3       0.5824  1.1987  0.7632  1.3000  0.1000  2.5000  2.4000  -0.1050 -1.3398 0.0623  
```
Users can control the width and precision using -w and -p flag.
I tested the output using excel and they match perfectly.
You can view, comment on, or merge this pull request online at:

  https://github.com/mlpack/mlpack/pull/742

-- Commit Summary --

  * add descriptive statistics executable
  * Merge branch 'master' of github.com:keonkim/mlpack
  * add descriptive statistics cli executable

-- File Changes --

    M src/mlpack/methods/preprocess/CMakeLists.txt (1)
    A src/mlpack/methods/preprocess/preprocess_describe_main.cpp (231)

-- Patch Links --

https://github.com/mlpack/mlpack/pull/742.patch
https://github.com/mlpack/mlpack/pull/742.diff

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